1:30 PM Anthropology, Gender, and Ethnic Studies Breakout III: Panel D

Thursday, July 28 1:30PM – 2:30PM

Location: Pathways

Sandra Cecilia Madrid
University of Arizona
Presentation 1
Gender-Based Violence: Addressing the Issue of Intersectionality within Survivor Advocacy
An increasing collection of research studies indicate the importance of intersectionality-based framework in understanding how survivors of gender-based violence (GBV) are further victimized by survivor advocates. However, limited research considers intersectionality as a driving factor that limits survivors help-seeking ability, especially marginalized and minority women as they are no stranger to discrimination. This qualitative study uses a mixed-method approach to explore survivor advocacy support organizations. Examining 10-15 organizations in Tucson, Arizona, participating organizations are reviewed based on inclusion for survivors of gender-based violence. The goal of this study is to examine how organizations engage with different populations through an intersectionality-based framework, whether they can provide functional, accessible, and inclusive services for minority and marginalized survivors, and how they can overcome barriers encountered while helping survivors. This study measures inclusion with a series of questions based on specific criteria, encompassing marginalized and minority women in southern Arizona, such as: -Citizenship Status (Undocumented, Asylee, Refugee) -Gender Identity (Transgender Women, Individuals assigned female at birth that identify as nonbinary or gender non-conforming) - Indigenous Ethnic Women (Native American)
Jayme Mowery
Texas Tech University
Presentation 2
Letting Loose: A Feminist History of Flatulence
The paper dives into the field of humor studies, with emphasis on the way in which comedy is an important tool for challenging social expectations. This research examines the history of etiquette to understand the ways in which social control has been exerted over women’s bodies through didactic literature and popular culture. While boys may be admonished for belches and squelches, there is typically no loss of respectability. For girls, the double standard has been pervasive and “leaky bodies” continue to be seen as something shameful and to be suppressed. More specifically, this work centers gender, class, and the history of flatulence. While most fart jokes are misogynistic, an analysis of female comedians, feminist musings, and oral histories reveals that the subversion of these mores can combat hegemonic power structures like sexism and classism. After all, if girls can toot, then maybe women can gain control of their bodies.
Amanda LaVoix-Stanton
College of Saint Scholastica
Presentation 3
How Sex Workers Aid in the Growth of a City and How Criminalization of Sex Work Correlates with Increased Human Trafficking Victims
Prostitution has been documented in human history since 2400 B.C.E., with varying degrees of acceptance and criminalization. Prostitution is mostly outlawed throughout the world, yet sex is used everywhere. Whether subliminal or direct, sex is a global trade. During the colonial era, many convicted of prostitution were sent to colonies as punishment. Often opportunities were limited for women, leading those lacking resources to fall back on their former profession. Free trade, industrialization, and westward expansion disproportionately distributed the population. Large clusters of males in developing regions created new sex-oriented businesses to fill industrial workers' free time. Breweries, saloons, brothels, and boarding houses would fill the void, laying the foundation for the communities that still flourish today. Sex workers helped to redistribute the population while providing wealth-building opportunities for women. Exploitation, prostitution, and related commerce allowed women a mired sense of autonomy and a way to exist in the man's world. The Department of Justice has estimated a 59 percent increase in global human trafficking since 2008. The International Labor Organization reported that 75 percent of the 40.3 million people trapped in some modern-day slavery are women. Each year, the DOJ estimates that 4.5 million people are exploited. The most vulnerable population to fall victim to such conditions are Indigenous women. In this paper, I would like to demonstrate the importance of sex workers' aid in the growth of cities and how the criminalization of sex work correlates with increased human trafficking.
Ebubechukwu Nwabuko
Texas Tech University
Presentation 4
A Deep Look into the Vagina
The vagina is still very much a taboo topic in the 21st century. Because of the sensitivity of the topic, there’s still a lack of necessary information being given to the public, especially to women about their bodies. However, can a more open form of communication, like visuals, bring awareness and information to women everywhere, while also reducing negative connotations about the vaginal area? If done properly, yes. There have been efforts made to improve the education on the vaginal area, yet due to the stigma of the topic, many ideas, and perceptions of the vagina have been molded to fit faulty understandings. These warped concepts have led companies to advertise products under the notion of fixing, helping, and bettering the vagina when in reality many of the products are connected to vaginal health problems. Big corporations are advertising and marketing these products using tactics like “vaginal guilt”, and creating solutions for nonexistent problems. Word of mouth has also been a big selling point, especially in disadvantaged communities. It promotes the notion which causes women to have negative feelings about their vaginas, and has created a lack of communication to seek help in that area. Many use vaginal hygiene products to create the look of a “perfectly clean” vagina but without the correct guidance, sometimes those products may be hurting more than helping. Visual forms of communication and information sharing can make it more approachable and educational to learn about the vagina, while sharing a more positive affirmation.